Diario de Pernambuco. Notes Abstract: The Diario de Pernambuco is acknowledged as the oldest newspaper in circulation in Latin America see : Larousse cultural ; p. The issues from offer insights into early Brazilian commerce, social affairs, politics, family life, slavery, and such. Published in the port of Recife, the Diario contains numerous announcements of maritime movements, crop production, legal affairs, and cultural matters. The 19th century includes reporting on the rise of Brazilian nationalism as the Empire gave way to the earliest expressions of the Brazilian republic.

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The first Brazilian performer to attain international stardom, singer and actress Carmen Miranda was born Maria do Carmo Miranda da Cunha on February 9, in Marco de Canavezes, Portugal, but she was raised in Rio de Janeiro from infancy onward. After quitting school, she began working at an area shop, where her habit of singing on the job brought her to the attention of a local radio station. Seemingly overnight, Miranda emerged as one of the top attractions on the Rio club circuit, and upon signing to RCA in , she became a massive star throughout Brazil. She made her film debut in 's A Voz do Carnaval, solidifying her fame two years later with Estudantes. While performing at Rio's Cassino da Urca in , Miranda was spotted by Broadway impresario Lee Shubert, who immediately arranged to bring her to America; she soon made her New York debut in his show The Streets of Paris before settling in Hollywood the following year. It was an image she proved unable to shake during her film career; worse, during her first visit back to Brazil, Miranda was accused of becoming too Americanized. Still, she suffered from severe depression throughout the terminal years of her life, returning to Brazil for the final time in ; while taping a strenuous song-and-dance number for an episode of television's The Jimmy Durante Show on August 4, , Miranda suffered a heart attack, and after returning to her Beverly Hills home, she died the following morning at the age of just Her body was flown back to Brazil, where her passing was met by a period of national mourning.